History of Medicine The HeLa Cells Essay - 901 Words

Introduction: In 1951, the first immortal cell line was created by a doctor at Johns Hopkins Hospital using tissue samples taken from a young, black woman named Henrietta Lacks. Her cells would come to be known as HeLa cells, and for a very long time, the owner of these cells was a mystery; even her family did not know about them. For years to come, her cells would be used in many important medical and scientific advancements. Over that time, HeLa cells would prove to be instrumental in developing a polio vaccine, gene mapping, and in vitro fertilization. They would even be sent to space to see how cells would react in zero gravity. Since the inception of this mode of research, peoples’ perception of what constitutes moral behavior†¦show more content†¦The art of medicine and curing diseases was not always approached in a scientific way. In fact, many advances occurred between 1919 to 1939, after technological advances allowed scientists to apply the scientific metho d to medical research. At this time, the ethics of using patients as test subjects either for new medicines or as samples for further testing were not considered. An extreme example of this was the Nazi’s using concentration camp inmates – including children – to run painful and invasive experiments. More modern examples are not so easy to identify as unethical, however. While amputating a leg to develop methods to deal with fractures and war wounds is obviously unethical, harvesting cells to develop a vaccine is not so clear cut, as the disadvantage to the patient is hard to identify. Coming from the various Nazi testing and especially the Nuremberg testing and trials, another code of ethics was developed, called the Nuremberg Code. Patient Consent and how it relates to Specific Testing: In the example with the HeLa cells, a great debate was raised when the book The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks was published. The debate centered around the lack of information of where the cells came from, who should have known about the original harvesting, and the lack of compensation for Henrietta’s family once the cells started generating income. Also discussed was the tendency of the medical community toShow MoreRelatedHenrietta Lacks : The Cornerstone Of Medicine ( Mrdovekeeper )852 Words   |  4 Pages wife and mother of five, is seemingly unknown around the world, yet her cells have created medical history. Her cells were taken without her or her family’s knowledge, yet those cells are considered the cornerstone of medicine (MrDovekeeper). Even though some people argue that scientists would have figured how to fight deadly viruses and learn about the human cell and how it works without her cells, Hen rietta Lacks cells have changed the world by helping scientists figure all this out. HenriettaRead MoreAdvancements in Medical Research Due to Hela Cells1458 Words   |  6 PagesAdvancement of Medical Research from HeLa Cells HeLa simply stands for Henrietta Lacks, a young mother in the 1951 who went to the doctor complaining of vaginal bleeding and discovered she had cervical cancer. Henrietta’s cells were taken for a biopsy and were found to be like nothing ever seen before; her cells were immortal. Her cancer cells double every 20 to 24 hours and have lived on for the past 60 years. Since HeLa cells were created, our world of modern medicine has been completely changed. WeRead MoreSince The Dawn Of Man, Survival Was Achieved Through Hunters1233 Words   |  5 Pagesfear of polio declined, but citizens were not made aware of the vaccines origin––from the cells of the African-American woman, Henrietta Lacks. Henrietta Lacks was an unsung hero of the 20th century; her cells optimized modern medicine by becoming the foundation for groundbreaking medical research. To properly understand the relevance of Henrietta Lacks and her immortal cells, one must explore her history. Henrietta Lacks was born on August 1, 1920, in Virginia, among her were nine other siblingsRead MoreA Woman Whose Cells Founded A Multi Million Dollar Industry1658 Words   |  7 PagesA woman whose cells founded a multi-million dollar industry and provided the world with treatments for diseases such as leukemia, hemophilia, influenza and countless others yet almost no one knows her name. Her true identity was in the shadows for years after her death in 1951. Little did her family know that she lived on through her cell line which is estimated to have a cumulative weight of around 50 million metric tons today. For years after her death no one knew anything more about her otherRead MoreThe Immortal Life Of Henrietta Lacks By Rebecca Skloot1039 Words   |  5 Pagesthe cancerous tumor. Henrietta’s cells, also known as HeLa cells, were taken from her without her consen t which became a breakthrough to modern medicine. HeLa cells are said to be rare, instead of dying they multiply and are currently still today being used to find cures to various diseases. On October 4,1951 Lacks died of cervical cancer. If â€Å"The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks† had a hero it would be Henrietta Lacks. Not only was Henrietta the hero, but her cells are as well. What is a hero? AccordingRead MoreResearch Papet1558 Words   |  7 Pages(Henrietta Lacks)HeLa Cell Lines Medical researchers use laboratory-grown human cells to learn the intricacies of how cells work and test theories about the causes and treatment of diseases. The cell lines they need are â€Å"immortal†Ã¢â‚¬â€they can grow indefinitely, be frozen for decades, divided into different batches and shared among scientists. In 1951, a scientist at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland, created the first immortal human cell line with a tissue sample taken from a young blackRead MoreThe Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks1076 Words   |  5 PagesImmortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, Rebecca Skloot follows the story of the famous HeLa cell line, introducing us to the woman behind these cells, the family she came from, and how her cells swept the field of science. This book tells the story of how race, poverty, and the practices used in the fields of science and medicine in the last 100 years has led to the many of the modern day innovations we have, all thanks to the HeLa cells. In 1951, a young black woman admitted herself into Johns Hopkins HospitalRead MoreA Woman Whose Cells Founded A Multi Million Dollar Industry1324 Words   |  6 PagesA woman whose cells founded a multi-million dollar industry and provided the world with treatments for diseases such as leukemia, hemophilia, influenza and countless others yet almost no one knows her name. Her true identity was in the shadows for years after her death in 1951. Little did her family know that she lived on through her cell line which is estimated to have a cumulative weight of around 50 million metric tons today. For years after her death no one knew anything more about her than theRead MoreHomework1572 Words   |  7 Pagesintricate story is described in the award-winning book, â€Å"The Immortal of Henrietta Lacks†. Published just three years ago, Rebecca Skloot tells the story of Henrietta Lacks, an African-American woman, who became the source of the first line of immortal cells. Henrietta was born Loretta Pleasant in Roanoke, Virginia in 1920. Henrietta lived a typical life for a poor African American of that time - growing up on her familys tobacco farm until her mother’s death. By 1950, Henrietta had married her firstRead MoreDo the Ends Ever Justify the Means?1295 Words   |  6 Pagesassignment when I was in high school that I had to complete for a grade. As I began reading I became particularly interested in Henrietta Lacks and the HeLa cells. In The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, Rebecca Skloot talks about Henrietta Lacks and how her cells were taken without her permission, and how her family suffered afterwards. Skloot shows how medicine and science were seen back in the 1950s compared to now. Henrietta Lacks was a â€Å"mother of five who died of cervical cancer at only thirty-one

The Impact Of An Exercise On Children With Autism And...

Article 1 Mills, C., Chapparo, C., Hinitt, J. (2016). The impact of an in-class sensory activity schedule on task performance of children with autism and intellectual disability: A pilot study. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 79(9), 530-539. http://doi.org/10.1177/030802216639989 Level of evidence: IIIB3b The purpose of this study was to determine whether sensory activity schedule intervention is effective in supporting participation of children with autism and if it increases their task performance in the classroom. There was no specific theoretical foundation for this study, however multiple studies have previously been completed using sensory based interventions using equipment, but have shown mixed results. The design for this study is a non-concurrent AB single system research design, which can be a mixture of quasi-experimental and non-experimental designs. The dependent variable for this study is sensory processing. The independent variable is the phase in the study because each phase sensory activity schedule changes in each phase. This study consisted of four participants between ages five and seven who have been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and an intellectual disability. Children were recruited from teacher referrals as they must have d emonstrated movement seeking behaviors in the classroom. The school’s occupational therapist confirmed each participant for the study. It was indicated that children diagnosed with other disabilities wereShow MoreRelatedAn Assessment of the Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Nigerian Society: the Examples of Banking and Communication Industries18990 Words   |  76 PagesAvailable online http://www.universalresearchjournals.org/ujmbr Copyright  © 2012 Transnational Research Journals Full Length Research Paper An assessment of the impact of corporate social responsibility on Nigerian society: The examples of banking and communication industries Adeyanju, Olanrewaju David Department of Financial Studies Redeemer’s University, km 46, Lagos Ibadan Expressway Mowe, Ogun State E-mail: davfol@yahoo.com, Tel No.: 07037794073 Accepted 30 January, 2012 In the NigerianRead MoreDeveloping Effective Research Proposals49428 Words   |  198 PagesKailash-I New Delhi 110 048 British Library Cataloguing in Publication data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 7619 6355 3 ISBN 0 7619 6356 1 (pbk) Library of Congress catalog record available Typeset by Type Study, Scarborough, North Yorkshire Printed in Great Britain by The Cromwell Press Ltd, Trowbridge, Wiltshire previous page page_iii next page Page v Contents List of Figures List of Boxes and Tables Preface 1 Introduction 1.1 Research proposalsRead MoreSocial Stress And Its Impact On The Classroom9865 Words   |  40 Pagesindividual comment, here I will summarize the major changes to guide the Panel’s review. I have kept the longitudinal study, which the entire Panel supported. In response to the Panel’s concerns about the experimental and speed dating studies, I have dropped Studies 1-3 and replaced them with an experimental study that I have now successfully piloted with 50 participants. This new study addresses Panel concerns about the conceptualization of weight stigma and concerns that the manipulated construct mightRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages4 What Managers Do 5 Management Functions 6 †¢ Management Roles 6 †¢ Management Skills 8 †¢ Effective versus Successful Managerial Activities 8 †¢ A Review of the Manager’s Job 9 Enter Organizational Behavior 10 Complementing Intuition with Systematic Study 11 Disciplines That Contribute to the OB Field 13 Psychology 14 †¢ Social Psychology 14 †¢ Sociology 14 †¢ Anthropology 14 T here Are Few Absolutes in OB 14 Challenges and Opportunities for OB 15 Responding to Economic Pressures 15 †¢ Responding to GlobalizationRead MoreGsk Annual Report 2010135604 Words   |  543 PagesContents Business review P08–P57 Governance and remuneration P58–P101 Financial statements P102–P191 Shareholder information P192–P212 Business review 2010 Performance overview Research and development Pipeline summary Products, competition and intellectual property Regulation Manufacturing and supply World market GSK sales performance Segment reviews Responsible business Financial review 2010 Financial position and resources Financial review 2009 Risk factors Governance and remuneration Our Board

Italy Argumentative Essay Example For Students

Italy Argumentative Essay Anthropologists and other social scientists define human culture as learned behavior acquired by individuals as members of a social group. The concept of culture was first explicitly defined in 1871 by the British anthropologist Edward B. Tylor. He used the term to refer to â€Å" that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.† Since then anthropologists have offered numerous refinements and variations on this definition, but all have agreed that culture is learned behavior in contrast to genetically endowed behavior. From antiquity to modern times, Italy has played a central role in world culture. Italians have contributed some of the world’s most admired sculpture, architecture, painting, literature, and music, particularly opera. Although the nation was politically unified less than 150 years ago, the Italians do not consider themselves to be a â€Å"new† people, but see themselves instead as the descendants of the Ancient Romans. Moreover, regional differences persist because of natural geographical boundaries and the disparate cultural heritage that has come down from the Greeks, Etruscans, Arabs, Normans, and Lombards. Regional differences is evident in persistent local dialects, holidays, festivals, songs, and regional cuisine. Central to all Italian life is the tradition of family as the guiding force and focus of loyalty. Many Sunday’s are spent around the table with aunts, uncles and grandparents for a special dinner. In Italy the social structure of the rural village was founded on the family, whose interests and needs determined an individual’s attitudes towards church, state, and school. Each family member was expected first of all to uphold family honor and to fulfill his or her parents particular duties and responsibilities. The father was the interpreter of all needs and interests and maintained his authority with strict discipline. The mother, although subordinate, had a voice in family decisions and meditated between the father and often numerous children. Here in the United States the Italian- Americans still have that strong sense of family, but now the women have more freedom and are looked at differently, and also the number of children one family acquires has gradually lessened to 2 to 3 children. Home cooking is something Italians are especially noted for. The main meal, usually at midday, often begins with soup which may contain rice, pasta, or greens; followed by meat(chicke n, veal , beef). A frequent constituent of the diet is pasta, or in the poorer homes of south polenta ( a sort of porridge made from maize). Although many Italians dishes later became American favorites, at the turn of the century Italians who insisted on eating macaroni and drinking wine were regarded as not yet American. Their traditional kitchen withstood Americanization, however, and the production of or import from Italy of olive oil, spaghetti, artichokes and salami provided an important part of the neighborhood economy. But in America the custom of eating for Italians is changed a bit. Here, we seem to have more abundance of food. We keep the same tradition of eating on Sundays at midday, but our diet consists of more fattening foods basically spending the whole day eating. Survivals of national costume for women are skirts, pleated or with colored flounces; the low bodice with shoulder straps, always of attractive color (red, blue, or black) with tassels and embroidered patterns; the apron made of cotton and silk, wool, velvet or leather) ornamented with brightly colored designs or with silver or gold filigree. Handkerchiefs that are worn, depending on the color tells whether the wearer is married or not. The black cap is still worn in Sicily and Sardinia by the men and a type of velvet waistcoat and trousers. In American culture our dress is quite different. Americans have a more trendy dress that includes Italian designers names such as Gucci and Versaci. .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce , .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .postImageUrl , .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce , .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce:hover , .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce:visited , .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce:active { border:0!important; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce:active , .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udd438d22d3f1274bc1c12f9b85eff6ce:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Compare And Contrast Analysis EssayOpera, a popular art from Italy, was popular with the immigrants as well, and unlike the music halls, it generated an appeal far beyond the Italian community. From the 1880’s, when the Metropolitan Opera House opened in New York with Cleofante Capanini as it’s first conductor and director, until today, the Italians have been prominent in opera in the United States and else where in the world. The Italians are 99.6% Roman Catholic, although only about one -third of them attended mass regularly and only about one-tenth of them received the sacraments at Easter. In conclusion, the Italian’s social structure of family, cu isine, native costume and dress, music, and religion all play a part in creating a specific culture that allows them to express their learned behaviors in a society as a whole. Social Issues

IT Management in School Districts Essay free essay sample

Introduction Today’s students are encircled by digital technology since they are born, and are primarily dissimilar from the earlier generations. In the past, technology was not included in most school curriculums. Two decades back, the educational standard in the US was better than most countries in the world. The performance of the students was superior as compared to the 21st Century. As a result the labor force that the country produced was much more competitive in the global marketplace. The former Secretary of State, Colin Powell, has indicated that today’s students are not primed to compete globally (Kagan Stewart, 2004). The main issue that the school districts face is the technological access of the students to media for inquiry. Other problem that introduction to new technology into the classrooms brings is change in the educational process and teaching method. This paper discusses about the key issues that the school districts face because of the integration of technology into the curriculum. The paper also provides solutions to the problems that are identified and discussed in the paper. The Issues Technology has assumed a considerable stake in the educational and social lives of the students in school districts. Some say it has proved to be a catalyst for teaching and learning in the class rooms. As the years are passing the use of technology has been increasing in the workplace and the international recruiters demand the labor to be literate in new technology. For this reason, the school districts are including the technology education and technology itself in the learning process of the children. Nearly every school district nowadays has access to internet and technological applications incorporated in the educational system (Goldman et al, 1999).Integration of technology in the school curriculum may be a solution to the need of technological literacy, but it is also a problem. The appearance of the classrooms has changed (Deutsch, 2005). The learning atmosphere is no longer reflected by anterior teaching where the instructor is keenly engaged upfront and the students are seated. Teachers are now supervisors and facilitators who manage the classroom and assign work to the students. Frontal lectures have been replaced by students’ performance (Deutsch, 2005). Computer rooms or classrooms with computers need supervision and organization. Task scheduling and student rotation are important aspects of a computer laboratory. Student rotation needs to be planned by the teachers in an efficient way (Deutsch, 2005).This problems or students rotation arises when the number of computers available is less than the number of students. Students execute tasks at different pace and hence the all the learning activities are not effective (Deutsch, 2005). The students who are fast in working with computers need to be provided more work to reduce the spare time they have (Deutsch, 2005). One of the major issues the children’s parents are most concerned about is that the students get access to all kind of information on internet. When the students are not under supervision, they tend to look for what they desire. Most students often visit adult sites which they are not allowed to. Once they are able to locate the adult website, they may tell their friends also and the chain will go on as every student will know about this. Problems that are caused because of this are very serious. The students tend to devote less time on their studies as their minds drift away towards other activities. At home, to keep a check, most of the parents supervise their children when they are using the internet. In schools, mostly there is no supervision on the students which makes them visit inappropriate sites. Another issue that the parents and the teachers are facing is the issue of plagiarism. A decade back when technology had a lesser degree of involvement in the school districts, the students had limited access to information. This information included the school library, magazines and course books only for referencing. Now the students have access to unlimited knowledge in forms of online databases, media contents, magazines and articles on websites. Most of assignments that the teachers give are required to be submitted in printed form. This makes the work of the students much easier as they can find tons of relevant information online and they can just copy and paste it in their assignment. In this case the student is not learning anything from the assignment as he is using someone else’s work in his assignments. Plagiarism makes the student addicted to it once he starts doing it. Schools administrators need to be vigilant on this emerging issue. For this reason, they try to educate the students about the plagiarism and they make strict policies on plagiarism. The students are taught that plagiarism is unethical and the ways of avoiding plagiarism are also taught in the schools to shun the plagiarism element in the future. But the students tend to indulge themselves more in this unethical and illegal behavior.One more related issue is the copyright concerns for the school administrations and the parents as well. This issue arises when the student uses the school computer to use some copyright material in his own work or on a different website. Many of the school districts fail to provide a right mix of technology that is required in the school. The school administration most of the time also fails to provide an ongoing training to the teachers and the technological support team which is not able to implement the controls needed. All these schools define their security policy and threaten to take a strict action against any one who breaks the rules or controls. But   still the problem of accessing inappropriate files and using them some where else is an ongoing issue in the school districts. The schools administration is not able to protect all the data, hardware and software and even their computer in the district. Millions of laptops are stolen every year from the classrooms which include important teachers’ data about the course material, students’ grades, their marking for the whole years and exam results. The laptop may also include important data that the students use. The people who steal the laptop take with them this important data and software and cause the schools to lose millions of dollars in this case.Many teachers and administrators still see the computers and technology as some out of the world invention. It has posed a threat to the comfortable life of teachers as the students have become more literate and prone to technology. The students can perform difficult tasks on computers more efficiently than the teachers. The teachers are unable to plan work for the students in the classrooms which wastes a lot of time of the students. The technology of video conferencing has caused a lot of ease for the schools as the teacher is not necessarily required in the classroom to teach the students. The perception of the teachers of their students’ capabilities can change noticeably when technology is included in the school curriculum. As this change occurs, the teachers find themselves acting more as coaches and managers, and less as lecturers.With the advent of technology, the payment of fees and dues has been made very easy. The students’ parents are able to pay their fees online through credit cards or using their bank account. The information about the credit cards can be transmitted from one place to another which causes the schools to get fees online. Thieves can invade online and steal the credit card number from the schools records or websites if proper measures are not taken to secure the database. The scope of the invasion varies; some thieves may even manipulate the credit   information online. The worst part is that the schools and the parents do not publicize the losses most of the time because of which the thieves get more lose ends. Solution to the Challenges For effective use of technology, the schools district should develop and impose policy for the use of technology. These rules should be made public to inform all the students, the teachers, staff members and the parents. The school district should take measures to limit the access of media contents and online databases to the students. Computer software that blocks inappropriate websites and internet contents should be installed to deal with this issue.These sites include the adult websites, social networking websites, unrated media contents and gaming websites. This cyber patrol will not allow the students to visit these unsuitable websites. The content which is inappropriate for the school students is automatically blocked. This will reduce the expenditure for the school administration as student supervision will not be required. The teachers should keep the students occupied with proper learning activities to challenge them. In the 21st Century, the teacher’s job is no more than a facilitator and a manager of the classroom (Deutsch, 2005). To change this perception of the students, competitive teachers in the field of technology should be employed. These teachers should engage the students in effective learning activities that involve class discussions, making personal relations, negotiations and development of interpersonal skills. This can be achieved through dividing the students into pairs or teams and encourage class discussions (Deutsch, 2005). This will allow the teacher to work with other small teams or pairs. Making teams or pairs is also a solution to the inadequate number of computers in the classrooms.The teachers should provide the students with clear guiding principles on school rules and policies in functioning with technology in the school (Deutsch, 2005). The students should be allowed to view articles, journals, magazines, educational streaming media so that they can learn to communicate effectively. To avoid plagiarism, students should not be allowed to copy any material from the web. The submission requirement of assignments and deliverables should be a soft copy rather than a hard copy.The soft copy can be checked for the plagiarism with the use of plagiarism software. Therefore if anyone is caught copying someone else’s work from the internet, the student shall be fined, punished and penalized in the grade. Strict policies on plagiarism will keep it to the minimal level in the school districts.An acceptable Terms of Use of technology in the school should be enforced by each school that requires signatures by both the students and their parents. This document will comprise of suitable behavior of students when dealing with technology. To keep the data and the hardware of the computer safe, guards should be employed on the school premises. This will allow the thieves not to steal the computers from the school premises so easily. The school website also needs to be defended against the online thieves. These thieves steal the credit card numbers of the students’ parents and other invaders are able to change the grades in the school database online. The school should hire a web administrator and install anti-viruses which will not allow the invaders to bypass the computer security. Conclusion Technology alone cannot solve the problems that it has spawned; therefore the collaboration of the parents, teachers and the administration can help the students to concentrate more on their studies. To be successful, however, technology must be used to endorse fresh  learning objective and teaching stratagem that are in favor of students, mutual, appealing, genuine, independent, and based on expansion of thinking skills.ReferencesOwnston, R.D. (1997). The world wide web: A technology to enhance teaching and learning? Educational Researcher,26, 27-42. September 12, 2009.Oppenheimer, T. (1997). The computer delusion. The Atlantic Monthly, 45-62. Retrieved September 12, 2009.Piaget, J. (1965). The moral judgment of the child (M. Gabain, Trans.). New York: Free Press. Retrieved September 12, 2009.Brown, J. .M. (1997). Technology Ethics. Learning and Leading with Technology, March, 38-41. Retrieved September 12, 2009.Kagan, S. L., Stewart, V. (2004). Putting the world into world-class education. Phi Delta Kappan, 86(3), 195-197. Retrieved September 29, 2009.Deutsch, Nellie. (2005, June 30). Effective Classroom Management Strategies for Technology. Retrieved September 30, 2009, http://www.nelliemuller.com/effectiveclassroommanagementstrategiesfortechnology.htm